''Weinmannia'' is a

genus Genus ( plural genera ) is a taxonomic rank used in the biological classification of living and fossil organisms as well as viruses. In the hierarchy of biological classification, genus comes above species and below family. In binomial nom ...

of trees and shrubs in the family

Cunoniaceae Cunoniaceae is a family of 27 genera and about 335 species of woody plants in the order Oxalidales, mostly found in the tropical and wet temperate regions of the Southern Hemisphere. The greatest diversity of genera are in Australia and Tasmania ...

. It is the largest genus of the family with about 150 species. It is also the most widespread genus, occurring in Central and South America including the Caribbean,

Madagascar Madagascar (; mg, Madagasikara, ), officially the Republic of Madagascar ( mg, Repoblikan'i Madagasikara, links=no, ; french: République de Madagascar), is an island country in the Indian Ocean, approximately off the coast of East Africa ...

and surrounding islands, Malesia and the islands of the South Pacific. It is absent from mainland Africa and Australia, but some fossils have been attributed to ''Weinmannia'' in Australia. Leaves are simple or pinnate, with a margin usually toothed, and interpetiolar stipules. Flowers are bisexual, white, arranged in racemes. The fruit is a capsule opening vertically from the top to the base. Seeds hairy without wings.

Taxonomy

The genus has been divided into five sections: * ''Fasciculata'' (mostly Malesia, from Sumatra to Fiji) * ''Inspersa'' (Madagascar) * ''Leiospermum'' (mostly Pacific, from Bismarck archipelago to the Marquesas) * ''Spicata'' (Madagascar and Comores) * ''Weinmannia'' (Central and South America, Mascarenes) A

phylogenomic Phylogenomics is the intersection of the fields of evolution and genomics. The term has been used in multiple ways to refer to analysis that involves genome data and evolutionary reconstructions. It is a group of techniques within the larger fields ...

study by Pillon ''et al.'' (2021) concluded that ''Weinmannia'' was paraphyletic, and formed two distinct clades. The species belonging to the four Old World sections – ''Fasciculatae, Inspersae, Spicatae'', and ''Leiospermum'' – formed a monophyletic group, which is sister to the Old World (mostly New Caledonian) genera '' Cunonia'' and '' Pancheria''. Section ''Weinmannia'', which includes species from the Americas and the Mascarene Islands, is sister to the Old World assemblage. They proposed placing the four Old World sections into the revived genus '' Pterophylla'', with genus ''Weinmannia'' limited to the American and Mascarene species in section ''Weinmannia''.Pillon, Y., H. C. F. Hopkins, O. Maurin, N. Epitawalage, J. Bradford, Z. S. Rogers, W. J. Baker, and F. Forest. 2021. Phylogenomics and biogeography of Cunoniaceae (Oxalidales) with complete generic sampling and taxonomic realignments. ''

American Journal of Botany The ''American Journal of Botany'' is a monthly peer-reviewed scientific journal which covers all aspects of plant biology. It has been published by the Botanical Society of America since 1914. The journal has an impact factor of 3.038, as of 2019 ...

'' 108(7): 1181–1200. ''The Plant List'' recognises 129 accepted species (including infraspecific names):

''Fasciculata''

(mostly Malesia, from Sumatra to Fiji) * '' Weinmannia aphanoneura'' (Borneo & Sumatra) * '' Weinmannia celebica'' (Sulawesi) * '' Weinmannia clemenisae'' (Borneo) * ''

Weinmannia coodei ''Weinmannia'' is a genus of trees and shrubs in the family Cunoniaceae. It is the largest genus of the family with about 150 species. It is also the most widespread genus, occurring in Central and South America including the Caribbean, Madagasc ...

'' (Sulawesi) * '' Weinmannia descombesiana'' (Sulawesi) * '' Weinmannia devogelii'' (Sulawesi) * '' Weinmannia exigua'' (Fiji & Solomon Islands) * '' Weinmannia eymaeana'' (Sulawesi) * '' Weinmannia furfuracea'' (Sulawesi & Seram) * '' Weinmannia fraxinea'' (Malesia & Solomon Islands) * '' Weinmannia hooglandii'' (Peninsular Malaysia) * '' Weinmannia hutchinsonii'' (Philippines) * '' Weinmannia lucida'' (Philippines) * '' Weinmannia luzoniensis'' (Philippines) * '' Weinmannia macgillivrayi'' (Vanuatu) * '' Weinmannia negrosensis'' (Sulawesi & Philippines) * '' Weinmannia pullei'' (New Guinea) * '' Weinmannia richii'' (Fiji) * '' Weinmannia spiraeoides'' (Fiji) * '' Weinmannia urdanetensis'' (Philippines& New Guinea) * '' Weinmannia ysabelensis'' (Solomon Islands)

''Inspersa''

(Madagascar) * ''

Weinmannia commersonii ''Weinmannia'' is a genus of trees and shrubs in the family Cunoniaceae. It is the largest genus of the family with about 150 species. It is also the most widespread genus, occurring in Central and South America including the Caribbean, Madagasc ...

'' * '' Weinmannia henricorum'' * '' Weinmannia hepaticarum'' * '' Weinmannia louveliana'' * '' Weinmannia lowryana'' * '' Weinmannia madagascariensis'' * '' Weinmannia rutenbergii'' (Madagascar) * '' Weinmannia venusta''

''Leiospermum''

(mostly Pacific, from Bismarck archipelago to the Marquesas) * '' Weinmannia affinis'' (Fiji, ?Samoa) * '' Weinmannia croftii'' (Bismarck archipelago) * '' Weinmannia denhamii'' (Vanuatu) * ''

Weinmannia dichotoma ''Weinmannia'' is a genus of trees and shrubs in the family Cunoniaceae. It is the largest genus of the family with about 150 species. It is also the most widespread genus, occurring in Central and South America including the Caribbean, Madagasc ...

'' (New Caledonia) * '' Weinmannia marquesana'' (Marquesas) * '' Weinmannia ouaiemensis'' (New Caledonia) * '' Weinmannia paitensis'' (New Caledonia) * '' Weinmannia parviflora'' (Society Islands) * '' Weinmannia purpurea'' (Bougainville & Solomon Islands) * ''

Weinmannia racemosa ''Weinmannia racemosa'', commonly called kāmahi, is an evergreen small shrub to medium-sized tree of the family Cunoniaceae. It is the most abundant forest tree in New Zealand, occurring in lowland, montane, and subalpine forests and shrublan ...

'' (New Zealand) * '' Weinmannia raiateensis'' (Society Islands) * '' Weinmannia rapensis'' (Austral Islands) * '' Weinmannia serrata'' (New Caledonia) * ''

Weinmannia sylvicola ''Weinmannia sylvicola'', known as tōwai or tawhero, is a medium-sized evergreen tree of the family Cunoniaceae native to northern New Zealand. It grows to 15 m or more, with a trunk up to 1 m in diameter. Adult leaves are toothed a ...

'' (New Zealand) * '' Weinmannia tremuloides'' (Marquesas) * '' Weinmannia vescoi'' (Society Islands) * '' Weinmannia vitiensis'' (Fiji)

''Spicata''

(Madagascar and Comores) * '' Weinmannia arguta'' * '' Weinmannia baehniana'' * ''

Weinmannia bojeriana ''Weinmannia'' is a genus of trees and shrubs in the family Cunoniaceae. It is the largest genus of the family with about 150 species. It is also the most widespread genus, occurring in Central and South America including the Caribbean, Madagasc ...

'' * '' Weinmannia comorensis'' * '' Weinmannia decora'' * '' Weinmannia eriocarpa'' * '' Weinmannia hildebrandtii'' * '' Weinmannia humbertiana'' * '' Weinmannia humblotii'' * '' Weinmannia icacifolia'' * '' Weinmannia integrifolia'' * ''

Weinmannia lucens ''Weinmannia'' is a genus of trees and shrubs in the family Cunoniaceae. It is the largest genus of the family with about 150 species. It is also the most widespread genus, occurring in Central and South America including the Caribbean, Madagasc ...

'' * '' Weinmannia mammea'' * '' Weinmannia marojejyensis'' * '' Weinmannia minutiflora'' * '' Weinmannia pauciflora'' * ''

Weinmannia rakotomalazana ''Weinmannia'' is a genus of trees and shrubs in the family Cunoniaceae. It is the largest genus of the family with about 150 species. It is also the most widespread genus, occurring in Central and South America including the Caribbean, Madagasc ...

'' * ''

Weinmannia sanguisugarum ''Weinmannia'' is a genus of trees and shrubs in the family Cunoniaceae. It is the largest genus of the family with about 150 species. It is also the most widespread genus, occurring in Central and South America including the Caribbean, Madagasc ...

'' * '' Weinmannia stenostachya'' * '' Weinmannia venosa''

''Weinmannia''

(Central and South America, Mascarenes)''Weinmannia'' L.
'' Plants of the World Online'', Kew Science. Accessed 26 September 2022. * '' Weinmannia abstrusa'' (Honduras) * '' Weinmannia anisophylla'' (Colombia, Costa Rica, Guatemala, Honduras) * ''

Weinmannia apurimacensis ''Weinmannia apurimacensis'' is a species of plant in the family Cunoniaceae. It is endemic to Peru , image_flag = Flag of Peru.svg , image_coat = Escudo nacional del Perú.svg , other_symbol = Great Sea ...

'' (Southeastern Peru) * '' Weinmannia auriculata'' (Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, northwestern Venezuela) ** var. ''bogotensis'' ** var. ''dryadifolia'' * '' Weinmannia auriculifera'' * '' Weinmannia baccariniana'' (Venezuela and Peru) * '' Weinmannia balbisiana'' (Southeastern Mexico to Bolivia) ** var. ''calothyrsa'' * '' Weinmannia bangii'' (Peru and Bolivia) * '' Weinmannia biviniana'' (Mauritius) * '' Weinmannia boliviensis'' (Bolivia) * '' Weinmannia brachystachya'' (Peru and southern Venezuela) * ''

Weinmannia burserifolia ''Weinmannia'' is a genus of trees and shrubs in the family Cunoniaceae. It is the largest genus of the family with about 150 species. It is also the most widespread genus, occurring in Central and South America including the Caribbean, Madagas ...

'' (Nicaragua, Costa Rica, Panama) * '' Weinmannia chryseis'' (Colombia and Peru) * '' Weinmannia cinerea'' (Peru) * '' Weinmannia cochensis'' (Colombia and Ecuador) * '' Weinmannia cogolloi'' (Colombia) * '' Weinmannia corocoroensis'' (Venezuela) * '' Weinmannia costulata'' (Southern Ecuador) * '' Weinmannia crassifolia'' (Peru and Bolivia) * '' Weinmannia cundinamarcensis'' (Colombia, Peru, and western Bolivia) * '' Weinmannia cutervensis'' * ''

Weinmannia cymbifolia ''Weinmannia'' is a genus of trees and shrubs in the family Cunoniaceae. It is the largest genus of the family with about 150 species. It is also the most widespread genus, occurring in Central and South America including the Caribbean, Madagasc ...

'' (Peru) * '' Weinmannia davidsonii'' (Bolivia) * ''

Weinmannia descendens ''Weinmannia descendens'' is a species of plant in the family Cunoniaceae. It is endemic to Peru , image_flag = Flag of Peru.svg , image_coat = Escudo nacional del Perú.svg , other_symbol = Great Seal o ...

'' (Northern Peru) * '' Weinmannia discolor'' (southeastern and southern Brazil) * '' Weinmannia dryadifolia'' * '' Weinmannia dzieduszyckii'' (Peru) * ''

Weinmannia elliptica ''Weinmannia elliptica'' is a species of tree in the family Cunoniaceae. It is native to South America South America is a continent entirely in the Western Hemisphere and mostly in the Southern Hemisphere, with a relatively small por ...

'' (Peru, Ecuador, Colombia, and Venezuela) ** var. ''trichocarpa'' * '' Weinmannia fagaroides'' (Costa Rica to Bolivia) ** var. ''trollii'' * ''

Weinmannia geometrica ''Weinmannia'' is a genus of trees and shrubs in the family Cunoniaceae. It is the largest genus of the family with about 150 species. It is also the most widespread genus, occurring in Central and South America including the Caribbean, Madagasc ...

'' (Bolivia) * '' Weinmannia glomerata'' (Peru) * '' Weinmannia guyanensis'' (Guyana and southeastern Venezuela) * '' Weinmannia haenkeana'' (Ecuador, Peru, and Bolivia) * '' Weinmannia heterophylla'' (Venezuela, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, and Bolivia) * ''

Weinmannia horrida ''Weinmannia'' is a genus of trees and shrubs in the family Cunoniaceae. It is the largest genus of the family with about 150 species. It is also the most widespread genus, occurring in Central and South America including the Caribbean, Madagasc ...

'' (Costa Rica and Panama) * '' Weinmannia humilis'' (southeastern and southern Brazil) * '' Weinmannia ibaguensis'' (Colombia) * '' Weinmannia ilutepuiensis'' (Venezuela) * '' Weinmannia intermedia'' (southern Mexico and Honduras) * '' Weinmannia jahnii'' (northwestern Venezuela) * '' Weinmannia jelskii'' (Ecuador, Peru) * ''

Weinmannia karsteniana ''Weinmannia'' is a genus of trees and shrubs in the family Cunoniaceae. It is the largest genus of the family with about 150 species. It is also the most widespread genus, occurring in Central and South America including the Caribbean, Madagasc ...

'' (Costa Rica, Panama, Colombia, and northwestern Venezuela) * '' Weinmannia kunthiana'' (Peru, Ecuador, Colombia, and northwestern Venezuela) * '' Weinmannia lansbergiana'' (Peru, northeastern Colombia, and Venezuela) * '' Weinmannia latifolia'' (Colombia, Ecuador, and Peru) * '' Weinmannia laurina'' (Venezuela, Colombia, Panama, and Peru) * ''

Weinmannia laxiramea ''Weinmannia'' is a genus of trees and shrubs in the family Cunoniaceae. It is the largest genus of the family with about 150 species. It is also the most widespread genus, occurring in Central and South America including the Caribbean, Madagasc ...

'' (Guyana and southeastern Venezuela) * ''

Weinmannia lechleriana ''Weinmannia'' is a genus of trees and shrubs in the family Cunoniaceae. It is the largest genus of the family with about 150 species. It is also the most widespread genus, occurring in Central and South America including the Caribbean, Madagasc ...

'' (Bolivia, Peru, Colombia, and Venezuela) * ''

Weinmannia lentiscifolia ''Weinmannia'' is a genus of trees and shrubs in the family Cunoniaceae. It is the largest genus of the family with about 150 species. It is also the most widespread genus, occurring in Central and South America including the Caribbean, Madagasc ...

'' (Bolivia, Peru, Ecuador, Colombia, and Venezuela) * '' Weinmannia lopezana'' (Colombia) * ''

Weinmannia loxensis ''Weinmannia loxensis'' is a species of plant in the family Cunoniaceae. It is endemic to Ecuador. Its natural habitat In ecology, the term habitat summarises the array of resources, physical and biotic factors that are present in an ar ...

'' (Ecuador) * '' Weinmannia lyrata'' (Bolivia) * ''

Weinmannia machupicchuensis ''Weinmannia'' is a genus of trees and shrubs in the family Cunoniaceae. It is the largest genus of the family with about 150 species. It is also the most widespread genus, occurring in Central and South America including the Caribbean, Madagas ...

'' (Peru) * '' Weinmannia macrophylla'' (central Colombia and Ecuador) * '' Weinmannia macrostachya'' * ''

Weinmannia magnifolia ''Weinmannia'' is a genus of trees and shrubs in the family Cunoniaceae. It is the largest genus of the family with about 150 species. It is also the most widespread genus, occurring in Central and South America including the Caribbean, Madagasc ...

'' (Colombia and Ecuador) * '' Weinmannia mariquitae'' (Colombia and Ecuador) * ''

Weinmannia microphylla ''Weinmannia'' is a genus of trees and shrubs in the family Cunoniaceae. It is the largest genus of the family with about 150 species. It is also the most widespread genus, occurring in Central and South America including the Caribbean, Madagasc ...

'' (Venezuela, Peru, and Colombia) ** var. ''tenuior'' * '' Weinmannia multijuga'' (Bolivia, Peru, Ecuador, Colombia, and Venezuela) * '' Weinmannia organensis'' (Peru and southeastern and southern Brazil) * '' Weinmannia ovata'' (Bolivia, Peru, Ecuador, Colombia, and Venezuela) * '' Weinmannia parvifoliolata'' (Colombia) * '' Weinmannia paulliniifolia'' (southeastern and southern Brazil) * '' Weinmannia pentaphylla'' (Peru) * ''

Weinmannia pinnata ''Weinmannia pinnata'', commonly known as the bastard briziletto, is a species of tree in the family Cunoniaceae. It is native to Mexico, Central America, South America and the West Indies. It typically grows in wet habitats at high altitudes, a ...

'' (Caribbean, Central America, Andes, and Brazil) * '' Weinmannia piurensis'' (Peru) * '' Weinmannia polyphylla'' (Costa Rica, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, and Bolivia) * '' Weinmannia portlandiana'' (Jamaica) * '' Weinmannia pubescens'' (Peru, Ecuador, Colombia, and Venezuela) ** var. ''arcabucoana'' ** var. ''popayanensis'' * '' Weinmannia reticulata'' (Bolivia, Peru, Ecuador, and Colombia) * '' Weinmannia rhoifolia'' (Bolivia) * '' Weinmannia rollottii'' (Andes of Colombia and Ecuador) ** var. ''subvelutina'' * '' Weinmannia silvatica'' * '' Weinmannia sorbifolia'' (Peru, Ecuador, Colombia, and Venezuela) ** var. ''caliana'' ** var. ''sclerophylla'' * '' Weinmannia spruceana'' (Bolivia, Peru, Ecuador, Colombia, and Venezuela) * '' Weinmannia stenocarpa'' (Ecuador) * '' Weinmannia subsessiliflora'' (Colombia, Peru, and west-central Brazil) ** var. ''caquetana'' * '' Weinmannia ternata'' (Peru) * '' Weinmannia testudineata'' (northeastern Colombia and northwestern Venezuela) * '' Weinmannia tinctoria'' (Mascarene Islands) * '' Weinmannia tolimensis'' (Colombia) * ''

Weinmannia tomentosa ''Weinmannia tomentosa'', the encenillo, is a tree native of the highlands of the Andes, Andean region of Colombia, which belongs to the family (biology), family Cunoniaceae. A synonym for ''Weinmannia tomentosa'' is ''Windmannia tomentosa''.

'' (Colombia and northwestern Venezuela) * '' Weinmannia trianae'' (Costa Rica, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, and Bolivia) * '' Weinmannia trichosperma'' (Argentina and Chile) * ''

Weinmannia ulei ''Weinmannia ulei'' is a species of plant in the family Cunoniaceae. It is endemic to Peru , image_flag = Flag of Peru.svg , image_coat = Escudo nacional del Perú.svg , other_symbol = Great Seal of the ...

'' (Northern Peru) * ''

Weinmannia vegasana ''Weinmannia'' is a genus of trees and shrubs in the family Cunoniaceae. It is the largest genus of the family with about 150 species. It is also the most widespread genus, occurring in Central and South America including the Caribbean, Madagasc ...

'' (Colombia) * '' Weinmannia velutina'' (Peru, Venezuela, Guyana, and northern Brazil) * '' Weinmannia vulcanicola'' (Costa Rica) * '' Weinmannia wercklei'' (Costa Rica and Panama) * '' Weinmannia yungasensis'' (Bolivia)

References

External links

* {{Taxonbar, from=Q1311498 Oxalidales genera Flora of New Caledonia